HIV/AIDS and the LGBT Community-A Movement: Annotated Bibliography

Hope Galmarini

Dr. Brown

Eng. 306

25 October 2016

HIV/AIDS and the LGBT Community-A Movement: Annotated Bibliography

Primary Sources:

Borawski, Walta. Lingering in a Silk Shirt: Poems. Boston: Fag Rag, 1994. Print. Object.

Howard, Brian. "Silence=Death." Act-Up. Aids Collation to Unleash Power, Jan. 2015. Web. 22 Oct. 2016. Object.

Secondary Sources:

"A Timeline of HIV/AIDS." AIDS.gov. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, 2011. Web. 22 Oct. 2016. Historical Context.

            This page was created to illustrate the full timeline of the AIDS pandemic beginning in 1981 to now. It focuses on milestones and scientific advances made in that time along with the struggle for visibility that the gay community faced during the HIV/AIDS pandemic. This timeline was made in honor of World AIDS Day and commemorates the movement as a whole.

"About HIV/AIDS." Center for Disease Control. U.S. Department of Health and Safety, 21 Sept. 2016. Web. 22 Oct. 2016. Scientific context. Protest Context.

            On this information website created by the Center for Disease Control, the disease of HIV/AIDS is discussed. With information about how the disease spreads, what the disease is, and how it affects the body. This website gives context to why the pandemic affected so many people so quickly. Overall, this website allows for a greater understanding of what HIV/AIDS really is, and how it affects human beings. This was written for everyone who may be concerned with sexual health and was created to educate the masses.

Andriote, John Manuel. "How HIV/AIDS Changed Gay Life In America - And What Others Can Learn From Our Experience." The AIDS Pandemic. N.p.: Academic, 2005. 398-423. Print. Scholarly Book. Scholarly Book. Historical Context. Community Identity.

            In this particular chapter of the book How HIV/AIDS Changed Gay Life In America- And What Others Can Learn From Our Experience, Andriote outlines what it meant during the AIDS pandemic to be gay, and what it means now. In this particular piece, the experience of being gay in America during the AIDS pandemic is related to the rest of the world, this is because the entire book discusses AIDS as a whole. Andriote outlines the history of the American AIDS pandemic, and later details the perceived failures of America in regards to handling the pandemic. Andriote is writing this to an audience of those who wish to learn about what happened during those decades and what we can do now about it.

Brier, Jennifer. Infectious Ideas. Chapel Hill, US: The University of North Carolina Press, 2009. ProQuest ebrary. Web. 22 October 2016. Scholarly Source.

Historical Context.

            In her 2009 book “Infectious Ideas” Jennifer Brier sets up the historical context of the political perspective of the AIDS epidemic in regards to the LGBT community. Brier illustrates the idea that the AIDS epidemic was always a highly political situation, and that the crisis was always at the hands of politicians and their decisions regarding the epidemic. Brier develops her thesis by discussing the historical background of the AIDS epidemic, following into the general response to the epidemic, then diving straight into the political realm by discussing the Reagan administrations response to the crisis. Brier’s intended purpose was to highlight the political response to the AIDS epidemic, to educate readers on just how politicized the AIDS epidemic was. Brier intends to reach young people, and educate them on what happened during those years of the crisis.

DeParle, Jason. "Rude, Rash, Effective, Act-Up Shifts AIDS Policy." New York Times. The New York Times, 3 Jan. 1990. Web. 22 Oct. 2016. Historical Context. Community Identity. Serious News Article

            In the article “Rude, Rash, Effective, Act-Up Shifts AIDS Policy”, Jason DeParle illustrates the protest movement ‘Act-Up’s Wall Street demonstration that led to various policy changes. DeParle describes the beginnings of Act-Up and, at the time, it’s displays across the country. This article illustrates the argument of the gay community, that the AIDs crisis was became a crisis partially due to inactivity by the government and the entirety of the medical field. Act-Up primarily protested the release and testing of various drugs that were being researched. The article also has many quotes from various protestors, primarily gay men, describing their sentiments towards the movement and their current situation. In this article, DeParle attempted to reach the masses, and uncover the tragedy of the HIV/AIDS epidemic.

Gould, Deborah B.. Moving Politics : Emotion and ACT UP's Fight against AIDS. University of Chicago Press, 2009. 24 October 2016. <http://www.myilibrary.com?ID=244560> Theoretical. Scholarly Source.

            In Moving Politics: Emotion and ACT UP’s Fight against AIDS Gould articulates the theoretical techniques the group ACT utilized to fight the AIDS pandemic. The book develops the rhetorical context by describing why ACT waited until the later half of the 80’s to begin mobilizing. This is done by giving the reader historical context and developing the rhetorical situation in which the AIDS pandemic occurred. Gould created this book for a scholarly audience, looking to understand the reasoning of ACT UP’s particular protest style, and why it happened when it did. This book gives theoretical vocabulary to discuss how emotion played into the fight against AIDS.

           

Hunter, Susan. AIDS in America. Palgrave Macmillan, 2006. 22 October 2016 <http://www.myilibrary.com.ezproxy3.library.arizona.edu?ID=136987>

Historical Context. Scholarly Source.

            In  Susan Hunter’s 2006 book AIDS in America, Hunter illustrates the United State’s response to the AIDS epidemic. She discusses why, throughout the years, America has failed to slow down the spread of HIV/AIDS . Hunter does this by discussing the history of the HIV/AIDS epidemic all the way to modern times and the government’s current policies on AIDS prevention. Hunter attempts to discuss the United States’ response to the HIV/AIDS epidemic in an effort to inform and allow her audience to prevent this inaction from happening again. Hunter is primarily targeting a younger audience, in an effort to promote more proactive action against the epidemic in the future.

"Interview Larry Kramer." Interview by FRONTLINE. PBS. PBS, 22 Jan. 2005. Web. 22 Oct. 2016. Community Identity. Protest Context. Serious New Article.

            In this Frontline News interview with Larry Kramer, the famous gay rights activist who began Act-Up, Kramer outlines his personal experience as a HIV positive gay man throughout the years. He outlines his experiences leading the protests for the group Gay Men’s Health Crisis, which later became Act-Up. He chronicles the protests and the various administrations responses. This interview was created to appeal to those looking for insight into this particular time period. Kramer, through this Frontline interview, attempts to urge today’s LGBT community to not forget where they came from and continue to fight for their right to research and a cure.

Jasper, James M.. The Art of Moral Protest : Culture, Biography, and Creativity in Social Movements. Chicago, US: University of Chicago Press, 2008. ProQuest ebrary. Web. 22 October 2016. Protest.

            In The Art of Moral Protest: Culture, Biography, and Creativity in Social Movments Jasper gives terminology to the world of moral protest. He offers a clear analysis of social protest describing what leads to the birthing of a protest and how it is acted upon. The book begins with historical context then begins discussing the particulars of social protest movements as a whole. This book is not focused on the AIDS pandemic, but discusses the art of moral protest pertaining to social issues, which offers terminology to discuss the protest movement during the AIDS pandemic. Jasper wrote this for an audience of scholars and students who are in search of terminology to discuss protest movements in an affective way.

Kayal, Philip. "Front Cover." Bearing Witness: Gay Men's Health Crisis and the Politics of AIDS. Boulder: Westview, Array. LGBT Thought and Culture. Web. 23 Oct. 2016. Protest. Scholarly Source.

            In Bearing Witness: Gay Men’s Health Crisis and the Politics of AIDS author Philip Kayal discusses volunteerism and protest within the gay community in response to the AIDS crisis. The book is divided into several parts chronicling Gay Men’s Health Crisis and other groups, and concluding with an analysis of the overall societal response to the epidemic and gay volunteerism. The book also makes a clear analysis of the moral issues with the inaction during the 1980’s regarding the pandemic. This book was written for a student based audience, searching for information regarding the HIV/AIDS epidemic.

Landeau, Elizabeth. "HIV in the 80's." CNN. CNN, 25 May 2011. Web. 22 Oct. 2016. Historical Context. News source.

            In HIV in the 80’s Landeau chronicles the experience of Edmund White as a gay man living with HIV. He describes the struggles he faced and what it was like to have HIV in the 80’s. This article allows for a more personal experience, that may have been diluted by the sheer amount of tragedy seen during the HIV/AIDS pandemic. Edmund White discusses stigmatization and the experience of being sick during a time where there wasn’t much hope for a cure or prevention. This article was written to inform those who wish to know more about the experience of being a gay man in the 1980’s.

Mass, Lawrence D., MD. "Pioneers Who Began as Volunteers in the AIDS Epidemic: Larry Kramer, Judy Peabody, Rodger McFarlane and Eddie's Buddy." Www.ghmc.org. Gay Men's Health Crisis, 6 June 2011. Web. 22 Oct. 2016.  Protest Context. Serious News Source.

            In this article Pioneers who Began as Volunteers in the AIDS Epidemic:  Larry Kramer, Judy Peabody, Rodger McFarlane and Eddie's Buddy the author, Lawernce Mass chronicles the fight for recognition of simply the health crisis involving gay men. This organization, Gay Men’s Health Crisis, began in the 1980’s as a result of the inaction by legislators and the American Health Association. Mass discusses his own memory of creating the organization, and recognizes other key figures in the organization. Thus, giving perfect context to the protest movement of the LGBT HIV/AIDS crisis. Mass wrote this for an audience particularly interested in GMHC, as more of a historical context to the protest movement as a whole.

Plante, Hank. "Reagan's Legacy." San Francisco AIDS Foundation. SFAF, 21 Mar. 2016. Web. 22 Oct. 2016. Historical Context. Serious Article.

            In this piece for The Examiner and the San Francisco AIDS Foundation, Plante describes the response from then president Reagan during the beginnings of the AIDS pandemic. This piece was written in response to current presidential candidate Hillary Clinton’s comments on the Reagan administration in reference to AIDS. This piece as a whole was created to show that the fight for recognition and help is still a very real problem. The article also includes statistic illustrating the severity of the issue while Reagan was in office. As a whole, this piece is intended for those interested in the SFAF nonprofit organization, and was made with the intention to educate those on the history of the HIV/AIDS pandemic.

Schwartzberg, Steven. Crisis of Meaning : How Gay Men Are Making Sense of AIDS. Cary, US: Oxford University Press (US), 1996. ProQuest ebrary. Web. 22 October 2016. Community/Identity. Scholarly Source.

            In Schwartzberg’s book How Gay Men Are Making Sense of AIDS, the overall identity and experience of gay men is illustrated. Beginning with a poem by Walta Borawski, Steven Schwartzberg begins the exploration of what it means to be a gay man with AIDS, and how the community of gay men are looking to understand what that means as well. The book begins with historical context on what happened during those years, this is then followed by a more intimate exploration of what Schwartzberg calls ‘adaptation’, which is the response of gay men to their diagnosis. This is then followed by an exploration of ‘the current moment’ which is specifically what is happening now, pertaining to the HIV/AIDS epidemic. Schwartzberg attempts to illustrate the gay male experience in regards to the AIDS epidemic, and his book was created for those in search of understanding about the epidemic.